Bird Flu: Symptoms, Spread & Prevention Tips

Avian influenza, commonly called bird flu, is a viral infection that primarily affects birds but can occasionally spread to humans. The H5N1 strain is particularly concerning due to its high mortality rate in humans.

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Symptoms in Human

Most cases occur after close contact with infected birds. Symptoms appear 2-7 days after exposure and may include:

• High fever (above 38°C/100.4°F)
• Cough and sore throat
• Muscle aches and headache
• Difficulty breathing
• Pneumonia (in severe cases)

Seek immediate medical help if you develop these symptoms after contact with birds.

How It Spreads

• Direct contact with infected birds (alive or dead)
• Contaminated surfaces (feces, saliva, or bird secretions)
• Rare cases of human-to-human transmission (only with prolonged close contact)

At-risk groups: Poultry workers, veterinarians, and travelers to outbreak areas.

Diagnosis & Treatment

• Tests: Nasal swabs or blood tests (PCR)
• Antiviral drugs: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) or zanamivir (Relenza®) – most effective within 48h of symptoms
• Hospitalization may be required for severe cases

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Prevention Measures

Avoid:

• Live bird markets
• Contact with sick or dead birds
• Raw eggs or undercooked poultry

Do:

• Cook poultry to 74°C/165°F (kills the virus)
• Wash hands after handling raw meat
• Report dead birds to health authorities

Note: For personalized medical advice, always consult a healthcare professional.